However, the fact that the book is slightly biased towards political history should not too surprising, for the book is a general history, but also because the seventeenth century was one of statecraft (e.g., Jean-Baptiste Colbert under Louis XIV in France, the Great Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia, Peter the Great of Russia, etc.) as well as copious wars. In noting the state, Pennington traces some states that began their ascendency during this period (e.g., Brandenburg-Prussia, Russia, etc.) as well as states that had reached the apex of their power and began (sometimes slowly) to decline (e.g., the Ottoman Empire, Habsburg Austria, Spain, etc.). France is probably afforded a slightly more extensive treatment than the other states. This is understandable considering the importance of France as a "great power" in this period, but also because it reflects the (often) deeper professional scholarship that has been done in French history.

This work is one of the better general histories for this period and has a rather extensive bibliography for those interested in further study of the seventeenth history in Europe. It is a great introduction to the period for the student of the period and is often used as one of the texts for undergraduate history courses on the seventeenth history.